Comprehensive Guide to Rear Drum Brake Repair

Table of Contents

1. Introduction to Drum Brakes

2. Signs Your Rear Drum Brakes Need Repair

3. Tools and Materials Needed for Drum Brake Repair

4. Step-by-Step Guide to Rear Drum Brake Repair

   • Step 1: Safety Precautions

   • Step 2: Remove the Wheel and Brake Drum

   • Step 3: Inspect Brake Components

   • Step 4: Remove Old Brake Shoes

   • Step 5: Clean and Lubricate Components

   • Step 6: Install New Brake Shoes

   • Step 7: Reassemble the Drum Brake System

   • Step 8: Test the Brakes

5. Common Drum Brake Problems and Solutions

6. Drum Brakes vs. Disc Brakes: Key Differences

7. Maintenance Tips for Longer Drum Brake Life

8. When to Seek Professional Help

9. Conclusion

1. Introduction to Drum Brakes

Drum brakes have been a staple in automotive braking systems for decades. While many modern vehicles now use disc brakes, drum brakes are still commonly found on the rear wheels of many cars, trucks, and SUVs due to their cost-effectiveness and durability.

How Drum Brakes Work

Drum brakes consist of several key components:

• Brake Drum: A rotating cylinder attached to the wheel.

• Brake Shoes: Friction material that presses against the drum to slow the vehicle.

• Wheel Cylinder: Hydraulic component that pushes the brake shoes outward.

• Return Springs: Pull the shoes back when the brake pedal is released.

• Adjuster Mechanism: Maintains proper shoe-to-drum clearance.

When you press the brake pedal, hydraulic pressure forces the wheel cylinder to push the brake shoes against the drum, creating friction and slowing the vehicle.

2. Signs Your Rear Drum Brakes Need Repair

Recognizing the symptoms of failing drum brakes can prevent accidents and costly repairs. Look for these warning signs:

• Squeaking or Grinding Noises – Worn brake shoes or debris inside the drum.

• Reduced Braking Power – Longer stopping distances indicate worn shoes or leaks.

• Pulling to One Side – Uneven brake shoe wear or hydraulic issues.

• Brake Pedal Vibration – Warped drum or uneven contact.

• Parking Brake Issues – Weak or non-functional parking brake may indicate shoe wear.

• Brake Fluid Leaks – Wetness around the wheel cylinder suggests a leak.

If you notice any of these signs, inspect and repair your drum brakes promptly.

3. Tools and Materials Needed for Drum Brake Repair

Before starting, gather the following tools and parts:

Tools:

• Jack and jack stands

• Lug wrench

• Brake spring pliers

• Flathead and Phillips screwdrivers

• Brake adjustment tool (spoon)

• Wire brush

• Brake cleaner

• C-clamp or brake piston tool

• Gloves and safety glasses

Materials:

• New brake shoes

• Brake hardware kit (springs, clips, adjusters)

• High-temperature brake grease

• Wheel bearing grease (if servicing the hub)

• Brake fluid (if bleeding is required)

4. Step-by-Step Guide to Rear Drum Brake Repair

Step 1: Safety Precautions

• Park on a flat surface and engage the parking brake.

• Use wheel chocks to prevent rolling.

• Wear gloves and safety glasses to protect against brake dust.

Step 2: Remove the Wheel and Brake Drum

1. Loosen the lug nuts slightly before lifting the vehicle.

2. Jack up the car and secure it on jack stands.

3. Remove the wheel.

4. Locate the brake drum. If stuck, tap it gently with a rubber mallet or adjust the brake shoes inward using the access hole.

Step 3: Inspect Brake Components

Check for:

• Worn or cracked brake shoes

• Leaking wheel cylinder

• Broken or stretched springs

• Grooved or warped brake drum

Replace any damaged parts.

Step 4: Remove Old Brake Shoes

1. Take photos or note the spring arrangement for reassembly.

2. Use brake spring pliers to remove the return springs.

3. Remove the hold-down pins and springs.

4. Detach the parking brake cable from the shoe lever.

5. Slide out the old brake shoes.

Step 5: Clean and Lubricate Components

• Scrub the backing plate with a wire brush.

• Apply brake grease to contact points where the shoes slide.

• Clean the adjuster mechanism and apply light grease.

Step 6: Install New Brake Shoes

1. Position the new shoes, ensuring they match the old ones.

2. Reattach the parking brake lever and adjuster mechanism.

3. Secure the shoes with hold-down springs and pins.

4. Reinstall the return springs.

Step 7: Reassemble the Drum Brake System

1. Carefully slide the brake drum back over the shoes.

2. Adjust the brake shoes using the star wheel until slight drag is felt.

3. Reinstall the wheel and lower the vehicle.

Step 8: Test the Brakes

• Pump the brake pedal to restore hydraulic pressure.

• Test drive at low speed to ensure proper braking.

• Recheck adjustments if necessary.

5. Common Drum Brake Problems and Solutions

6. Drum Brakes vs. Disc Brakes: Key Differences

7. Maintenance Tips for Longer Drum Brake Life

• Inspect brakes every 12,000 miles.

• Clean dust and debris periodically.

• Lubricate contact points to prevent squeaking.

• Replace worn shoes before metal-to-metal contact.

• Check wheel cylinders for leaks during fluid changes.

8. When to Seek Professional Help

While DIY drum brake repair is possible, consider professional help if:

• The wheel cylinder is leaking.

• The brake drum is severely scored or warped.

• You’re unsure about reassembly.

9. Conclusion

Rear drum brake repair is a manageable task with the right tools and knowledge. Regular inspections and timely replacements can extend brake life and ensure safe driving. If you’re uncomfortable with DIY repairs, consult a trusted mechanic.

By following this guide, you can maintain your drum brakes efficiently and avoid costly breakdowns. Safe driving starts with well-functioning brakes!